Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Lean Population with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Diabetes in Lean NAFLD Patients

Article Sidebar

PDF
Published: Sep 29, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1435
Keywords:
Lean NAFLD, diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, lean diabetes, liver disease, dyslipidemia.

Main Article Content

Khalil Shaikh
National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Dow International Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.
Ali Hyder
Gastroenterology Department, Chandka Medical College, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University (SMBBMU), Larkana, Pakistan
Hassan Liaquat Memon
United Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
Huraira Ali
Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
Syeda Maryam Mehdi
Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
Raja Taha Yaseen Khan
Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan

Abstract

Background: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is commonly linked to obesity, but lean individuals are also susceptible, posing a unique metabolic challenge. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in lean NAFLD is not well understood.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of DM in lean individuals with NAFLD and identify associated clinical and metabolic factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2022 at the National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 188 lean NAFLD patients (BMI < 25 kg/m²) were recruited. Data on demographic characteristics, dietary habits, lifestyle factors, and metabolic parameters (e.g., fasting glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile) were collected. Diagnosis of diabetes was confirmed based on fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.
Results: The prevalence of diabetes was 26.6% (n=50). Significant associations were found between diabetes and male gender (p≤0.001), irregular eating habits (p=0.002), increased TLC (p≤0.001), and elevated triglycerides (p=0.021) and LDL levels (p≤0.001).
Conclusion: The study reveals a substantial prevalence of diabetes in lean NAFLD patients, emphasizing the need for comprehensive metabolic screening in this group.

Article Details

How to Cite
Khalil Shaikh, Ali Hyder, Hassan Liaquat Memon, Huraira Ali, Syeda Maryam Mehdi, & Raja Taha Yaseen Khan. (2024). Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Lean Population with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Diabetes in Lean NAFLD Patients. Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research, 4(3), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1435
Issue
Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): Volume 4, Issue 3 - July to September 2024
Section
Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE, Diehl AM, Brunt EM, Cusi K, et al. The Diagnosis and Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Practice Guideline by the American Gastroenterological Association, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, and American College of Gastroenterology. Hepatology. 2012;55(6):2005-23.

Smith J, Jones M. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Lean Individuals. J Hepatol. 2021;75(4):1120-30.

Smith GI, Shankaran M, Yoshino M, Schweitzer GG, Chondronikola M, Beals JW, et al. Insulin Resistance Drives Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Clin Invest. 2020;130(3):1453-60.

Juanola O, Martínez-López S, Francés R, Gómez-Hurtado I. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Metabolic, Genetic, Epigenetic and Environmental Risk Factors. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(10):5227.

Cao L, An Y, Liu H, Jiang J, Liu W, Zhou Y, et al. Global Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes in Patients With NAFLD or MAFLD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BMC Med. 2024;22(1):101.

Cheng YM, Wang SW, Wang CC, Kao JH. Clinical characteristics of lean metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and the impact of concurrent diabetes mellitus. Tzu Chi Medical Journal. 2024 Oct 1;36(4):425-32.

Khan RTY, Hussain SZ, Shahzad S, Majid Z, Naeem MU, Harjani R, et al. Frequency of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among the Non-Obese Population Presenting to the Gastrointestinal Outpatient Clinic. J Liaquat Natl Hosp. 2024;2(1):8-13.

Rasheed A, Butt NI, Yasin F, Aslam H, Shahid K, Kanwal N. Frequencies of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndrome in Lean Individuals. Liaquat Natl J Prim Care. 2024;6(1):8-13.

Khan RTY, Akbar N, Ismail H, Adeel M, Lail G, Khalid MA, et al. Factors Predictive of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Non-Obese Pakistani Population. J Health Rehabil Res. 2024;4(2):1122-8.

Yasutake K, Kohjima M, Kotoh K, Nakashima M, Nakamuta M, Enjoji M. Dietary Habits and Behaviors Associated With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(7):1756-67.

Adesoba TP, Brown CC. Trends in the prevalence of lean diabetes among US adults, 2015–2020. Diabetes Care. 2023 Apr 1;46(4):885-9.

Gao Y, Zhao T, Song S, Duo Y, Gao J, Yuan T, Zhao W. Lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a literature review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 2023 Jun 1;200:110699.

Homsana A, Southisavath P, Kling K, Hattendorf J, Vorasane S, Paris DH, Sayasone S, Odermatt P, Probst-Hensch N. Steatotic liver disease among lean and non-lean individuals in Southern Lao PDR: a cross-sectional study of risk factors. Annals of Medicine. 2024 Dec 31;56(1):2329133.

Park H, Yoon EL, Chung GE, Choe EK, Bae JH, Choi SH, et al. Genetic and Metabolic Characteristics of Lean Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Korean Health Examinee Cohort. Gut Liver. 2024;18(2):316-27.