Status of Malnutrition Under 5 Years in District Diamer Gilgit Baltistan
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Abstract
Background: Malnutrition in children under five years of age is a critical public health issue in District Diamer, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. The prevalence of malnutrition in this region, influenced by socioeconomic and educational factors, presents a significant challenge to child health and development.
Objective: The study aimed to assess the prevalence and incidence of malnutrition (stunting, wasting, underweight, overweight, and anemia) among children under five years in the four Tehsils of District Diamer.
Methods: A detailed nutritional survey was conducted during the summer of 2021 across the Tehsils of Goharabad, Chilas, Darel, and Tangir. A total of 320 samples (80 from each Tehsil) were collected. The assessment was based on visual symptoms and physical measurements of stunting, underweight, wasting, and overweight. The anemia status was evaluated using the Sclera method. Data analysis was performed using WHO growth standards and z-scores.
Results: The study found that stunting was highest in Tehsil Tangir (52.5%) and lowest in Goherabad (38.75%). Wasting was most prevalent in Tangir (13.75%) and least in Goherabad (7.5%). Underweight children were most common in Tangir (26.25%) and least in Goherabad (15%). Anemia was found in 35.25% of the children across the district, with the highest prevalence in Tangir (39%) and the lowest in Goherabad (30%). Gender disparities were noted, with male children more frequently affected than females.
Conclusion: The study concludes that malnutrition is a significant public health concern in District Diamer, with variations across different Tehsils. The findings call for urgent targeted nutritional interventions and policies focusing on education, health infrastructure, and socioeconomic improvements.
Keywords: Child Malnutrition, Stunting, Wasting, Underweight, Anemia, Gilgit-Baltistan, Public Health.
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