Comparative Study of Sonographic Evaluation of Common Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Among Obese and Non-Obese Type II Diabetic Patients Carotid IMT in Obese vs. Non-Obese Diabetic Patients
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Abstract
Background: Intima-media thickness (IMT) is a marker of cardiovascular risk and is influenced by factors such as obesity and type II diabetes. Assessing IMT in diabetic patients provides insights into their cardiovascular health.
Objective: To compare the common carotid intima-media thickness between obese and non-obese type II diabetic patients.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted at the Department of Radiology, Services Hospital, Lahore, over three months. A total of 86 type II diabetic patients aged 30-75 years were included, with 43 obese and 43 non-obese participants. Carotid IMT was measured using gray-scale B-mode ultrasound. Participants were positioned supine with the neck extended, and the common carotid arteries were scanned. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, with independent t-tests to compare IMT between groups and Pearson correlation to assess the association with diabetes duration.
Results: The mean IMT for obese patients was 0.842 mm (SD = 0.152) for the left CCA and 0.858 mm (SD = 0.119) for the right CCA. In non-obese patients, mean IMT was 0.592 mm (SD = 0.134) for the left CCA and 0.616 mm (SD = 0.127) for the right CCA. Significant differences were observed between groups (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Obese type II diabetic patients have significantly higher carotid IMT compared to non-obese patients, emphasizing the impact of obesity on cardiovascular risk.
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