Frequency, Risk Factors, and Outcome of Definite Stent Thrombosis: Single-Center Experience
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Abstract
Background: Definite stent thrombosis presents a significant challenge in the field of interventional cardiology, necessitating an in-depth understanding of its incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes.
Objective: To determine the frequency, identify the risk factors, and evaluate the clinical outcomes associated with definite stent thrombosis in patients who underwent coronary artery stent implantation.
Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at the Peshawar Institute of Cardiology from March 2022 to March 2023. It involved 37 patients with a history of definite stent thrombosis, confirmed by angiographic evidence and symptoms of myocardial ischemia. Data were collected systematically from patient records, angiography results, and electronic databases, focusing on demographics, medical history, procedural details, and outcomes. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests for categorical variables, and t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests for continuous variables.
Results: The study identified 37 cases of definite stent thrombosis. The average age of the patients was 62.5 years, with 67% being male. Comorbidities included hypertension (62%), diabetes mellitus (40%), and previous myocardial infarction (28%). Procedural complications occurred in 18% of cases. The frequency of stent thrombosis was similar for drug-eluting (72%) and bare-metal stents (28%). Recurrent myocardial infarction was reported in 34% of patients, and the mortality rate was 12%.
Conclusion: The study highlights the significant association of older age and procedural complications with the occurrence of definite stent thrombosis. No significant differences were observed in thrombosis rates between drug-eluting and bare-metal stents, though drug-eluting stents showed a trend towards reducing recurrent myocardial infarction. These findings underscore the need for personalized preventive strategies and highlight the importance of careful procedural execution in interventional cardiology.
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