Role of MRI in the Evaluation of Spinal Tuberculosis in Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique that uses a magnetic field and computer-generated radio waves to create detailed images of the organs and tissues in your body. MRI is an effective method for evaluating patients presenting with spinal TB. It is non-ionizing and non-invasive; has a high sensitivity. Very few work or research has done in this area in Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the role of MRI for the evaluation of spinal TB in the area of Punjab, Pakistan.

MATERIALS AND METHOD: This study was conducted using convenient sampling technique. Data from 41 patients of different hospitals were investigated by use of MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). Each report was viewed and diagnosis was made. The collected data was then evaluated using IBM’s SPSS STATISTICS.

RESULTS: Out of 41 patients, 32(78.0%) were males and 9(22.0%) were female. MRI scan shows that the most affected region was Dorsal which is present in 28(68.3%) cases. Intervertebral disc involvement is seen in 31(75.6%) cases and 13(31.7%) patients’ shows complete estruction of vertebrae. Subligamental extension was present in 18(43.9%) cases and pre- and para-vertebral abcess was present in 22(53.7%) cases had abcess. This study shows that 16(39.0%) had gibbus deformity, 9(22.0%) had kyphotic deformity and 16(39.0) had no deformity.

CONCLUSIONS: MRI is a very useful diagnostic tool for spinal tuberculosis. It is a readily available, non-invasive test that may aid in the early detection of spinal TB is whole spine magnetic resonance imaging.  The MRI scan offers a great representation of soft tissue involvement, spinal cord involvement, and nerve root integrity. Our investigation also revealed that a sizable abscess with a distinct, smooth, and thin abscess wall, subligamentous spread to three or more vertebral levels, and vertebral collapse or destruction were strongly suggestive of spinal tuberculosis.

KEY WORDS:

                           MRI, Magnetic Resonance, Spinal TB, Pott’s disease, spondylitis, back pain.