Frequency of Good Visual Outcome after Treatment in Patients Presenting with Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension at Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi
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Abstract
Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological disorder characterized by elevated intracranial pressure with unknown etiology, often leading to visual impairment. Understanding the predictors of visual outcomes post-treatment is crucial for optimizing management strategies.
Objective: This study aimed to identify the predictors of good visual outcomes in patients with IIH following medical treatment.
Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 60 patients aged 20 to 60 years at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre in Karachi, Pakistan, were treated from February 2021 to June 2022. Treatment included acetazolamide (500 mg to 2 g), topiramate (25–100 mg), and furosemide (20–40 mg). Patients were assessed for visual improvements post three months of treatment, focusing on changes in visual grades or an increase of more than two grades from baseline. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26.
Results: The study encompassed 60 patients, with a mean age of 30.85 years. Females were predominant, comprising 90% (n=54) of the sample, while males represented 10% (n=6). In terms of visual outcomes, cranial nerve palsy was significantly associated with poorer prognosis, occurring in 15% (n=9) of patients with adverse outcomes compared to 10% (n=6) in those with favorable results (p-value = 0.001). Other symptoms like headache, diplopia, tinnitus, and transient visual obscurations did not show a significant correlation with visual outcomes (all p-values > 0.05).
Conclusion: Cranial nerve palsy is a significant predictor of visual outcomes in patients treated for IIH, while other clinical symptoms show no significant predictive value. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring cranial nerve function in IIH management.
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