Effects of Exercise and Kinesiotaping with and without Wedge Insole on Pain and Function in Patients with Grade 3 Knee Osteoarthritis
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease, often resulting from wear-and-tear and articular cartilage loss. This condition frequently leads to significant pain and physical limitations, affecting the quality of life, particularly in older adults.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of exercise combined with Kinesio tape (KT) and wedge insoles on pain and physical limitations in patients with grade 3 knee osteoarthritis.
Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on a sample of 60 participants diagnosed with grade 3 knee OA. Participants were randomly divided into two groups of 30 each using a sealed envelope method. Group A received exercise, KT, and wedge insoles, while Group B received exercise and KT only. Both groups underwent 24 sessions over eight weeks, with three sessions per week. The interventions included electrotherapeutic modalities, strengthening exercises for the quadriceps and hamstrings, and KT application. Pain and physical function were measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) at baseline, the fourth week, and the eighth week. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, with the Friedman test assessing within-group effects and the Mann-Whitney U test evaluating between-group differences. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: Group A consisted of 12 males (40%) and 18 females (60%), with a mean age of 52.33 ± 6.34 years. Group B had 10 males (33.3%) and 20 females (66.7%), with a mean age of 52.94 ± 5.75 years. Significant improvements were observed within both groups in VAS and WOMAC scores (p < 0.05). Post-treatment, Group A demonstrated greater improvements in VAS (mean difference = 2.5, p = 0.000) and WOMAC (mean difference = 15.3, p = 0.000) compared to Group B.
Conclusion: Both exercise combined with KT and exercise combined with KT and wedge insoles were effective in reducing pain and improving physical function in patients with grade 3 knee osteoarthritis. However, the combination of exercise and KT without wedge insoles produced superior effects. These findings suggest that KT, as an adjunct to exercise therapy, may provide additional benefits for managing knee OA.
Keywords: Knee Osteoarthritis, Kinesio Tape, Wedge Insole, Pain Management, Physical Function, Randomized Clinical Trial, Non-Surgical Treatment, Electrotherapeutic Modalities, Strengthening Exercises, Visual Analogue Scale, WOMAC
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Lespasio MJ, Piuzzi NS, Husni ME, Muschler GF, Guarino A, Mont MA. Knee Osteoarthritis: A Primer. The Permanente Journal. 2017;21.
Madry H, Luyten FP, Facchini A. Biological Aspects of Early Osteoarthritis. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2012;20(3):407-22.
Hunter DJ, March L, Chew M. Osteoarthritis in 2020 and Beyond: A Lancet Commission. The Lancet. 2020;396(10264):1711-2.
Sharma L. Osteoarthritis of the Knee. New England Journal of Medicine. 2021;384(1):51-9.
Palazzo C, Nguyen C, Lefevre-Colau M-M, Rannou F, Poiraudeau S. Risk Factors and Burden of Osteoarthritis. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. 2016;59(3):134-8.
Gupton M, Imonugo O, Terreberry RR. Anatomy, Bony Pelvis and Lower Limb, Knee. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; 2022.
Csapo R, Alegre LM. Effects of Kinesio Taping on Skeletal Muscle Strength: A Meta-Analysis of Current Evidence. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2015;18(4):450-6.
Chang W-D, Chen F-C, Lee C-L, Lin H-Y, Lai P-T. Effects of Kinesio Taping Versus McConnell Taping for Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2015;2015.
Arnold JB, Wong DX, Jones RK, Hill CL, Thewlis D. Lateral Wedge Insoles for Reducing Biomechanical Risk Factors for Medial Knee Osteoarthritis Progression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arthritis Care & Research. 2016;68(7):936-51.
Xing F, Lu B, Kuang M-J, Wang Y, Zhao Y-L, Zhao J, et al. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Into the Effect of Lateral Wedge Arch Support Insoles for Reducing Knee Joint Load in Patients With Medial Knee Osteoarthritis. Medicine. 2017;96(24).
Kul A, Ugur M. Comparison of the Efficacy of Conventional Physical Therapy Modalities and Kinesio Taping Treatments in Shoulder Impingement Syndrome. The Eurasian Journal of Medicine. 2019;51(2):139-50.
Castrogiovanni P, Di Giunta A, Guglielmino C, Roggio F, Romeo D, Fidone F, et al. The Effects of Exercise and Kinesio Tape on Physical Limitations in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology. 2016;1(4):355-68.
Kalron A, Bar-Sela S. A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Kinesio Taping: Fact or Fashion. European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. 2013;49(5):699-709.
Mutlu EK, Mustafaoglu R, Birinci T, Ozdincler AR. Does Kinesio Taping of the Knee Improve Pain and Functionality in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis? A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2017;96(1):25-33.
Jones RK, Nester CJ, Richards JD, Kim WY, Johnson DS, Jari S, et al. A Comparison of the Biomechanical Effects of Valgus Knee Braces and Lateral Wedged Insoles in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis. Gait & Posture. 2013;37(3):368-72.
Danazumi MS, Ibrahim SU, Yakasai AM, Dermody G, Bello B, Kaka B. A Comparison Between the Effect of Combined Chain Exercises Plus Kinesio Taping With Combined Chain Exercises Alone in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2021;100(11):1070-7.
Hinman RS, Bowles KA, Metcalf BB, Wrigley TV, Bennell KL. Lateral Wedge Insoles for Medial Knee Osteoarthritis: Effects on Lower Limb Frontal Plane Biomechanics. Clinical Biomechanics. 2012;27(1):27-33.
Hsieh R-L, Lee W-C. Clinical Effects of Lateral Wedge Arch Support Insoles in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Prospective Double-Blind Randomized Study. Medicine. 2016;95(27).