Evaluation of Acute Toxicity, Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Ducrosia Anethifolia on Mice
Effects of Ducrosia anethifolia on Mice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1286Keywords:
Ducrosia anethifolia, acute toxicity, analgesic effect, anti-inflammatory effect, methanolic extract, pain management, traditional medicine, medicinal plants, writhing test, formalin testAbstract
Background: Pain and inflammation are complex biological processes often linked with discomfort due to tissue damage. Ducrosia anethifolia, native to Balochistan, Pakistan, is traditionally used for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
Objective: This study evaluated the acute toxicity, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects of the methanolic extract of D. anethifolia seeds in mice.
Methods: D. anethifolia seeds were collected, authenticated, and extracted with methanol. Acute toxicity was assessed by administering oral doses of 100, 500, 1000, 2000, and 3000 mg/kg in mice, monitoring mortality over 24 hours. Analgesic effects were evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin tests, with extract doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg compared to diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg). Anti-inflammatory effects were assessed using carrageenan-induced paw edema, measuring paw volume at intervals up to 5 hours post-injection.
Results: The LD50 was 2000 mg/kg. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg doses showed 41.16% (p<0.05) and 62.07% (p<0.01) inhibition, respectively. The formalin test showed reductions in licking/biting behaviors at 250 mg/kg (39.66 ± 0.60, p<0.05) and 500 mg/kg (30.16 ± 1.24, p<0.05). The 500 mg/kg dose reduced paw edema by 48.40% (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The methanolic extract of D. anethifolia seeds exhibited significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, validating its traditional use and potential for developing safer therapeutic agents.
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