Effectiveness of Nutritional Education for Hemodialysis Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Nutritional Education in Haemodialysis: A Review and Meta-Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1324Keywords:
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Nutrition, Patient Counseling, Educational Interventions, HaemodialysisAbstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an escalating public health issue with increasing incidence and prevalence. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional education interventions for CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis, focusing on renal and nutritional outcomes compared to usual care.
Objective: This meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness of nutritional education interventions in hemodialysis patients, assessing their impact on renal and nutritional outcomes.
Method: The systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted through literature search was conducted from January 2011 to December 2023 using databases like CINAHL, PubMed, Science Direct, Academia, and Google Scholar. This systematic review and meta-analysis included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies (QES) per PRISMA criteria, with the JBI tool used to assess the risk of bias.
Results: Analysis of pooled data from nine RCTs and four QES revealed no statistically significant improvements in key biochemical markers, despite the intervention favoring the experimental group. Changes in serum albumin levels were -0.07 g/L (95% CI: -0.24 to 0.10, p = 0.44), Hb levels changed by 0.22 mg/dl (95% CI: -0.75 to 1.18, p = 0.66), eGFR by -1.47 (95% CI: -4.04 to 1.10, p = 0.26), serum creatinine by 0.00 mg/dl (95% CI: -0.13 to 0.13, p = 0.99), and serum urea levels by -10.49 mg/dl (95% CI: -35.73 to 14.76, p = 0.42). Significant improvement was noted when nurses and nutritionists worked together and involved patients in meal preparation.
Conclusion: Nutritional education interventions favored the experimental group. Nurse-dietitian collaboration, consideration of dietary preferences, and patient involvement in meal preparation improved outcomes. The review highlights the importance of nutritional education for hemodialysis patients and the need for patient-centered, high-quality research
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