Assessment of Anxiety and Depression in Antenatal Women
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Abstract
Background: Mental health, particularly anxiety and depression, among mothers of reproductive age remains a significant yet underexplored area in public health. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with these mental health conditions in this demographic, especially in the context of a developing country.
Objective: The primary objective was to determine the frequency of anxiety and depression among mothers of reproductive age with at least one child. Additionally, the study sought to identify socio-demographic factors influencing these mental health conditions.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 304 mothers of reproductive age. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed via social media platforms, including questions based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The sample size was determined using Epi Info software with a confidence interval of 95% and an error margin of 5%. The study employed non-probability convenience sampling, focusing on mothers without a pre-existing mental illness. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS software version 25.
Results: The study revealed that 28% of participants had borderline depression and 22% were confirmed cases. For anxiety, 22.7% had borderline symptoms, and 38.2% were confirmed cases. Factors such as marital status, family system, and working status significantly influenced these mental health conditions. However, no significant association was found between age and the prevalence of anxiety and depression.
Conclusion: The study underscores a high prevalence of anxiety and depression among mothers of reproductive age. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address mental health issues in this population, considering the influential socio-demographic factors.
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