Uterine Anomalies in Women with Subfertility: A Cross-Sectional Study Uterine Anomalies in Subfertility
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Abstract
Background: Uterine anomalies are a significant factor contributing to subfertility, affecting reproductive outcomes. Identifying these anomalies in subfertile women is crucial for effective management and treatment.
Objective: To determine the prevalence and types of uterine anomalies in women with subfertility presenting to a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, from June 2023 to December 2023. A total of 150 women aged 18-40 years with primary or secondary subfertility were included. Exclusion criteria were male factor infertility, medical comorbidities, or prior uterine surgeries. Saline infusion sonography (SIS) was used to evaluate uterine anomalies, including endometrial polyps, submucosal fibroids, and congenital anomalies. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, with descriptive statistics calculated for age, BMI, and types of anomalies.
Results: The most common uterine anomaly was endometrial polyps (47.3%), followed by submucosal fibroids (26.0%). Congenital anomalies such as septate uterus (8.0%) and bicornuate uterus (7.3%) were less common. The mean age of participants was 29.33 years (SD ±5.67).
Conclusion: Uterine anomalies, especially acquired ones like endometrial polyps and submucosal fibroids, are prevalent among subfertile women, necessitating targeted diagnostic and treatment approaches.
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