A Comparative Analysis of Adult Hydronephrosis at a Tertiary Care Hospital: Uncovering Uncommon Etiologies
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Hydronephrosis, characterized by the swelling of a kidney due to urine buildup, presents varied clinical manifestations and etiologies. Understanding these variations is crucial for effective diagnosis and management.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and associated pathologies of hydronephrosis in a diverse patient population to enhance the understanding and management of this condition.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the surgical ward of Mardan Medical Complex and Teaching Hospital from July 2022 to July 2023. A total of 178 patients were included, with a median age of 38 years, exhibiting a slight female predominance. Non-probability sampling was used for patient selection. Criteria excluded patients with conditions like diabetes, hypertension, or cancer. Data on clinical characteristics, including lateralization, nature of hydronephrosis, and associated pathologies, were collected and analyzed using Chi-square analysis in SPSS version 24.
Results: The study found that bilateral hydronephrosis was more prevalent (69%) than unilateral, with a higher incidence of left-sided (62%) involvement. Complete hydronephrosis was observed in 74% of patients, and internal hydronephrosis in 67%. Associated pathologies included urethral strictures (11%) and bladder tumors (2%). The weight distribution varied, with the most common range being 61-70 kg.
Conclusion: The study highlighted the diverse presentation of hydronephrosis in adult patients, with a significant prevalence of complete and bilateral cases. These findings underscore the importance of individualized diagnostic and treatment approaches, emphasizing the need for early intervention. The study also calls for further research to understand the regional variations and underlying causes of hydronephrosis.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Habas E, Akbar R, Farfar K, Arrayes N, Habas A, Rayani A, et al. Malignancy diseases and kidneys: A nephrologist prospect and updated review. Medicine. 2023;102(15).
LOVE DC. Adult OA/TOF Management Handbook.
Bromley PN, Rawlinson E, Harclerode Z, Bennett J. Developmental Physiology of the Liver, Gastrointestinal Tract, and Renal System. Gregory's Pediatric Anesthesia. 2020:164-90.
Samanta J, Dhar J, Khaliq A, Kochhar R. 2019 novel coronavirus infection: gastrointestinal manifestations. Journal of Digestive Endoscopy. 2020;11(01):13-8.
Hertz JT, Sakita FM, Limkakeng AT, Mmbaga BT, Appiah LT, Bartlett JA, et al. The burden of acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and stroke among emergency department admissions in Tanzania: A retrospective observational study. African Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2019;9(4):180-4.
Mohammed K, Karaca I, Agarwal M, Newman J, Ren Y. Age-specific life tables of Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell)(Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and itsparasitoid Aphytis melinus DeBach (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 2020;44(2):180-8.
Haghpanah S, Miladi S, Zamani A, Abadi AMKH, Gholami M, Gholami M. A cost-analysis study of using adult red cell packs and Pedi-Packs in newborn intensive care units in Southern Iran. Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation. 2021;19(1):1-8.
Zhao H, Yan C, Feng Y, Du B, Feng J, Cui X, et al. Absolute quantification of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in infected patients by droplet digital PCR to track disease severity and treatment efficacy. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2023;14.
Littorin N. Streptococcus pneumoniae infections before and after the introduction of a conjugated pneumococcal vaccine: Lund University; 2020.
McCollum ED, Ahmed S, Roy AD, Islam AA, Schuh HB, King C, et al. Risk and accuracy of outpatient-identified hypoxaemia for death among suspected child pneumonia cases in rural Bangladesh: a multifacility prospective cohort study. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 2023.
Peng HT, Siddiqui MM, Rhind SG, Zhang J, da Luz LT, Beckett A. Artificial intelligence and machine learning for hemorrhagic trauma care. Military Medical Research. 2023;10(1):6.
Rodríguez A, Ruiz-Botella M, Martín-Loeches I, Jimenez Herrera M, Solé-Violan J, Gómez J, et al. Deploying unsupervised clustering analysis to derive clinical phenotypes and risk factors associated with mortality risk in 2022 critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Spain. Critical Care. 2021;25:1-15.
Xiao D, Meyers P, Upperman JS, Robinson JR. Revolutionizing healthcare with ChatGPT: an early exploration of an AI language model’s impact on medicine at large and its role in pediatric surgery. Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 2023.
Ram MK. Clinical laboratory and etiological profile of children presenting with gross hematuria-experience of a tertiary care centre. 2023.
Talati AN, Webster CM, Vora NL. Prenatal genetic considerations of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Prenatal diagnosis. 2019;39(9):679-92.
Hsiao C-Y, Chen T-H, Lee Y-C, Wang M-C. Ureteral stone with hydronephrosis and urolithiasis alone are risk factors for acute kidney injury in patients with urinary tract infection. Scientific reports. 2021;11(1):23333.
Operto G, Cacciaglia R, Grau-Rivera O, Falcon C, Brugulat-Serrat A, Ródenas P, et al. White matter microstructure is altered in cognitively normal middle-aged APOE-ε4 homozygotes. Alzheimer's research & therapy. 2018;10:1-18.
Wray NR, Ripke S, Mattheisen M, Trzaskowski M, Byrne EM, Abdellaoui A, et al. Genome-wide association analyses identify 44 risk variants and refine the genetic architecture of major depression. Nature genetics. 2018;50(5):668-81.
Norris JM, Johnson RK, Stene LC. Type 1 diabetes—early life origins and changing epidemiology. The lancet Diabetes & endocrinology. 2020;8(3):226-38.
Rahman MS, Pang M-G. New biological insights on X and Y chromosome-bearing spermatozoa. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology. 2020;7:388.
Lee EE, Song K-H, Hwang W, Ham SY, Jeong H, Kim J-H, et al. Pattern of inflammatory immune response determines the clinical course and outcome of COVID-19: unbiased clustering analysis. Scientific reports. 2021;11(1):8080.
Maury A, Lyoubi A, Peiffer-Smadja N, De Broucker T, Meppiel E. Neurological manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses: A narrative review for clinicians. Revue neurologique. 2021;177(1-2):51-64.
Nair VA, Dodd K, Rajan S, Santhanubosu A, Beniwal‐Patel P, Saha S, et al. A verbal fluency task‐based brain activation fMRI study in patients with Crohn's disease in remission. Journal of Neuroimaging. 2019;29(5):630-9.
Cercek A, Lumish M, Sinopoli J, Weiss J, Shia J, Lamendola-Essel M, et al. PD-1 blockade in mismatch repair–deficient, locally advanced rectal cancer. New England Journal of Medicine. 2022;386(25):2363-76.
Ferris RL, Flamand Y, Weinstein GS, Li S, Quon H, Mehra R, et al. Phase II randomized trial of transoral surgery and low-dose intensity modulated radiation therapy in resectable p16+ locally advanced oropharynx cancer: an ECOG-ACRIN cancer research group trial (E3311). Journal of clinical oncology. 2022;40(2):138.
Scioscia M, Virgilio BA, Laganà AS, Bernardini T, Fattizzi N, Neri M, et al. Differential diagnosis of endometriosis by ultrasound: a rising challenge. Diagnostics. 2020;10(10):848.
Lobo N, Kulkarni M, Hughes S, Nair R, Khan MS, Thurairaja R. Urologic complications following pelvic radiotherapy. Urology. 2018;122:1-9.
Muneer A, Macrae B, Krishnamoorthy S, Zumla A. Urogenital tuberculosis—epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical features. Nature Reviews Urology. 2019;16(10):573-98.
Inciarte A, Gonzalez-Cordon A, Rojas J, Torres B, de Lazzari E, de la Mora L, et al. Clinical characteristics, risk factors, and incidence of symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 in a large cohort of adults living with HIV: a single-center, prospective observational study. Aids. 2020;34(12):1775-80.