The Impact of Psychological Factors on Rehabilitation Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Pain
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v3i1.33Keywords:
Chronic Pain, Rehabilitation Outcomes, Pain Catastrophizing, Fear-Avoidance Beliefs, Depression, Anxiety, Biopsychosocial ModelAbstract
BACKGROUND: Chronic pain, affecting a significant portion of the population, contributes to diminished quality of life and increased disability rates. Emerging evidence points towards the substantial role of psychological characteristics, including pain catastrophizing, fear-avoidance attitudes, depression, and anxiety, in shaping pain perception and rehabilitation response. These factors also appear to influence recovery rates following injuries.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of these psychological factors on the rehabilitation progress in patients suffering from chronic pain.
METHODS: A prospective study was carried out with 200 chronic pain participants. Psychological factors were evaluated at the outset using validated tools (Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7). Rehabilitation outcomes, specifically pain intensity and disability, were measured both at the baseline and after 12 months.
RESULTS: Over the 12-month follow-up period, participants reported significant enhancements in their physical and psychological outcomes. Nevertheless, a correlation was observed between elevated initial levels of psychological distress and subpar results, even after accounting for demographic and clinical characteristics.
CONCLUSION: The findings of this study highlight the critical need to identify and address psychological disorders present in chronic pain patients undergoing rehabilitation. This becomes a point of emphasis for improving their rehabilitation outcomes. Future research should prioritize the development of comprehensive treatments that can significantly enhance rehabilitation outcomes in this population.
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