Frequency and Patterns of Traumatic Dental Injuries Reported at Islamabad Dental Hospital: A Retrospective Study.
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Abstract
Background: Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are increasingly becoming a public health concern, with a significant number of cases presenting to emergency departments worldwide. They affect a diverse age range, particularly children and adolescents, and are influenced by various etiological factors such as falls, sports injuries, and road traffic accidents. Previous studies have indicated a gender predisposition, with males more frequently affected, and a pattern of injury that varies by region.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the frequency and patterns of TDIs treated at the Department of Operative Dentistry, Islamabad Dental Hospital, and to analyze the management strategies employed.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted, examining patient records from 2015 to 2022. Approval was obtained from the institutional review board, aligning with the Declaration of Helsinki. Data from complete TDIs forms were extracted, detailing the type of injury, timing, and treatment administered. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.23, with chi-square tests applied to examine the association between the type of trauma and demographic variables.
Results: A total of 88 teeth with TDIs were recorded. The most common injuries were complicated crown fractures (28.4%) and root fractures (17.0%), with splinting (31.8%) and root canal treatments (29.5%) being the most frequent management procedures. Male patients were predominantly affected. Notably, adult cases surpassed those of children and adolescents, contrary to global trends.
Conclusion: TDIs constitute a significant portion of dental emergency cases, with specific patterns and treatments that vary by demographics. Immediate and appropriate management, guided by current guidelines, is essential. Efforts should focus on increasing awareness and providing adequate training to healthcare providers for timely and effective treatment of TDIs.
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