Identification of Babesia Parasite in Ruminants in District Dera Ismail Khan
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Babesiosis, a significant tick-borne disease, poses a growing threat to small ruminants and public health due to the pathogenic Babesia parasite. This study focuses on the prevalence of Babesia in cows within the district of Dera Ismail Khan and its impact on red blood cells.
Objective: The primary objective of this research was to detect the presence of the Babesia parasite in cows and assess its effects on red blood cells.
Methods: Fifty blood samples were randomly collected from cows in Dera Ismail Khan. These samples underwent Giemsa staining and were subsequently examined under a light microscope to identify the presence of the Babesia parasite.
Results: Of the 50 blood samples analyzed, only 5 (10%) tested positive for Babesia. This suggests a lower prevalence of babesiosis in the region. The parasite was observed to cause significant destruction of red blood cells.
Conclusion: Although babesiosis is not widely prevalent in Dera Ismail Khan, its impact on infected cows is severe, leading to the destruction of red blood cells. Effective monitoring and control measures are essential to mitigate its spread and impact.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Michel AO, Mathis A, Ryser-Degiorgis M-P. Babesia spp. in European wild ruminant species: parasite diversity and risk factors for infection. Veterinary research. 2014;45:1-11.
Alemu Hamsho AH, Gebregergs Tesfamarym GT, Gurara Megersa GM, Mulisa Megersa MM. A cross-sectional study of bovine babesiosis in Teltele District, Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia. 2015.
Ulucesme MC, Ozubek S, Karoglu A, Turk ZI, Olmus I, Irehan B, et al. Small Ruminant Piroplasmosis: high prevalence of Babesia aktasi n. sp. in goats in Türkiye. Pathogens. 2023;12(4):514.
Ijaz M, Rehman A, Ali M, Umair M, Khalid S, Mehmood K, et al. Clinico-epidemiology and therapeutical trials on babesiosis in sheep and goats in Lahore, Pakistan. 2013.
Niazi N, Khan M, Avais M, Khan J, Pervez K, Ijaz M. A study on babesiosis in calves at livestock experimental station Qadirabad and adjacent areas, Sahiwal (Pakistan). Pak J Agri Sci. 2008;45(2):209-11.
Khattak R, Rabib M, Khan Z, Ishaq M, Hameed H, Taqddus A, et al. A comparison of two different techniques for the detection of blood parasite, Theileria annulata, in cattle from two districts in Khyber Pukhtoon Khwa Province (Pakistan). Parasite: journal de la Société Française de Parasitologie. 2012;19(1):91.
Ozubek S, Ulucesme MC, Aktas M. Discovery of a Novel Species Infecting Goats: Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Babesia aktasi n. sp. Pathogens. 2023;12(1):113.
NUGRAHENI YR, ARIYADI B, ROCHMADIYANTO R, KESUMANINGRUM N, IMRAN K, KARTIKO BP, et al. Molecular detection of Babesia infection in cattle in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity. 2023;24(7).
Sawitri D, Wardhana A, Ekawasti F, Dewi D, editors. Parasitological and molecular detection of babesiosis in cattle and buffalo in west and central Java. 9th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production (ISTAP 2021); 2022: Atlantis Press.
Kose O, Bilgic HB, Bakirci S, Karagenc T, Adanir R, Yukari BA, et al. Prevalence of Theileria/Babesia species in ruminants in Burdur province of Turkey. Acta Parasitologica. 2022;67(2):723-31.
Githaka NW, Bishop RP, Šlapeta J, Emery D, Nguu EK, Kanduma EG. Molecular survey of Babesia parasites in Kenya: first detailed report on occurrence of Babesia bovis in cattle. Parasites & Vectors. 2022;15(1):161.
Ganzinelli S, Byaruhanga C, Primo ME, Lukanji Z, Sibeko K, Matjila T, et al. International interlaboratory validation of a nested PCR for molecular detection of Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina, causative agents of bovine babesiosis. Veterinary Parasitology. 2022;304:109686.
Galon EM, Zafar I, Ji S, Li H, Ma Z, Xuan X. Molecular reports of ruminant Babesia in Southeast Asia. Pathogens. 2022;11(8):915.
Martínez-García G, Santamaría-Espinosa RM, Lira-Amaya JJ, Figueroa JV. Challenges in tick-borne pathogen detection: the case for Babesia spp. identification in the tick vector. Pathogens. 2021;10(2):92.
El-Sayed SAE-S, Mohamed A, Ali MO, Al-Araby M, Omar MA, El-Beskawy M, et al. Molecular detection and identification of Babesia bovis and Trypanosoma spp. in one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) breeds in Egypt. Veterinary world. 2021;14(3):625.
Tumwebaze MA, Byamukama B, Tayebwa DS, Byaruhanga J, Angwe MK, Galon EM, et al. First molecular detection of Babesia ovis, Theileria spp., Anaplasma spp., and Ehrlichia ruminantium in goats from western Uganda. Pathogens. 2020;9(11):895.
Otgonsuren D, Sivakumar T, Amgalanbaatar T, Enkhtaivan B, Narantsatsral S, Tuvshintulga B, et al. Molecular epidemiological survey of Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, and Babesia sp. Mymensingh infections in Mongolian cattle. Parasitology international. 2020;77:102107.
Gh H, Sepahvand-Mohammadi E, Afshari A, Bozorgi S. Molecular detection of Theileria spp. and Babesia ovis Infection in Sheep in Baneh, Iran. Archives of Razi Institute. 2020;75(2):289.
Rajabi S, Esmaeilnejad B, Tavassoli M, editors. A molecular study on Babesia spp. in cattle and ticks in West-Azerbaijan province, Iran. Veterinary research forum; 2017: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Hamsho A, Tesfamarym G, Megersa G, Megersa M. A cross-sectional study of bovine babesiosis in Teltele District, Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia. J Veterinar Sci Technol. 2015;6(230):2.
Mohamed G, Ebied M. Epidemiological studies on bovine Babesiosis and Theileriosis in Qalubia governorate. BVMJ. 2014;27:36-48.
Esmaeilnejad B, Tavassoli M, Asri-Rezaei S, Dalir-Naghadeh B, Malekinejad H, Jalilzadeh-Amin G, et al. Evaluation of antioxidant status, oxidative stress and serum trace mineral levels associated with Babesia ovis parasitemia in sheep. Veterinary parasitology. 2014;205(1-2):38-45.
Ahmad S, Khan M, Khan M. Epidemilogy and seasonal abundance of canine babesiosis in Lahore, Pakistan. 2011.