Relationship between the Risk of Falling and Physical Function in Elderly Individuals with Lower Extremity Arthritis

Main Article Content

Ahmed Waqas
Harram Sajjad
Muhammad Qasim Idrees
Habiba Shabir
Aqsa Majeed
Ahsaan Ullah
Adnan Hashim

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of falls among the elderly is a significant public health concern, with lower extremity arthritis being a prominent risk factor. This condition severely impacts daily functioning and increases the risk of falls, leading to further morbidity and decreased quality of life among the aging population.


Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the risk of falling and physical function in elderly individuals diagnosed with lower extremity arthritis, focusing on the assessment of daily living activities and fear of falling.


Methods: A total of 150 elderly individuals (45 males and 105 females) with lower extremity arthritis were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Participants' difficulties in performing daily activities and their fear of falling were evaluated using the Falls Efficacy Scale (FES) and the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics were employed to calculate frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations. The study adhered to the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, with all participants providing written informed consent.


Results: The mean age of participants was 51±7 years, ranging from 40 to 65 years. A significant majority reported difficulty in performing daily activities (70%, n=105) and a fear of falling (80%, n=120). Gender distribution showed a higher prevalence of arthritis and associated issues among females (70%) compared to males (30%).


Conclusion: The study highlights the profound impact of lower extremity arthritis on the physical function and fall risk among the elderly. There is a critical need for integrated healthcare interventions focusing on enhancing physical function and addressing the psychological aspects of fall fear to improve elderly individuals' quality of life with arthritis.

Article Details

How to Cite
Waqas, A., Sajjad, H., Idrees, M. Q., Shabir, H., Majeed, A., Ullah, A., & Hashim, A. (2024). Relationship between the Risk of Falling and Physical Function in Elderly Individuals with Lower Extremity Arthritis. Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research, 4(1), 706–710. https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i1.445
Section
Articles
Author Biography

Adnan Hashim, The University of Lahore- Lahore Pakistan.

University Institute of Physical Therapy.

References

Baker JF, Mostoufi-Moab S, Long J, Taratuta E, Leonard MB, Zemel B. Association of low muscle density with deteriorations in muscle strength and physical functioning in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis care & research. 2021;73(3):355-63.

Bouchaala F, Laatar R, Lahiani M, Zouabi A, Borji R, Rebai H, et al. Time of day effect on balance performance, functional capacities and risk of fall in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Chronobiology international. 2020;37(2):227-35.

Carrasco C, Tomas‐Carus P, Bravo J, Pereira C, Mendes F. Understanding fall risk factors in community‐dwelling older adults: A cross‐sectional study. International journal of older people nursing. 2020;15(1):e12294.

de Oliveira Fernandes V, de Souza Moreira B, de Melo GASC, de Avelar NCP, Costa HS, de Carvalho Bastone A. Factors associated with fear of falling in older women with knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study. Geriatric nursing. 2024;55:333-8.

Cai Y, Tian Q, Gross AL, Wang H, E J-Y, Agrawal Y, et al. Motor and physical function impairments as contributors to slow gait speed and mobility difficulty in middle-aged and older adults. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A. 2022;77(8):1620-8.

Frandsen CF, Mechlenburg I, Birch S, Lundager L, Bæk-Hansen T, Stilling M. Improved Physical Function following a Three-Month, Home-Based Resistance Training Program for Fragile Patients with Poor Recovery Years after Femoral Neck Fracture—A Prospective Cohort Study. Applied Sciences. 2024;14(2):552.

Gaino JZ, Bértolo MB, Nunes CS, de Morais Barbosa C, Sachetto Z, Davitt M, et al. Disease-related outcomes influence prevalence of falls in people with rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine. 2019;62(2):84-91.

Hicks C, Levinger P, Menant JC, Lord SR, Sachdev PS, Brodaty H, et al. Reduced strength, poor balance and concern about falls mediate the relationship between knee pain and fall risk in older people. BMC geriatrics. 2020;20:1-8.

Hoops ML, Rosenblatt NJ, Hurt CP, Crenshaw J, Grabiner MD. Does lower extremity osteoarthritis exacerbate risk factors for falls in older adults? Women’s Health. 2012;8(6):685-98.

Ribeiro IC, Coimbra AMV, Costallat BL, Coimbra IB. Relationship between radiological severity and physical and mental health in elderly individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Research & Therapy. 2020;22:1-7.

Tada M, Yamada Y, Mandai K, Hidaka N. Relationships of the stand‐up time to falls and fractures in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Results from the CHIKARA study. International journal of rheumatic diseases. 2021;24(2):246-53.

Kawabata K, Matsumoto T, Kasai T, Chang SH, Hirose J, Tanaka S. Association between fall history and performance-based physical function and postural sway in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Modern rheumatology. 2021;31(2):373-9.

Knox PJ, Coyle PC, Pugliese JM, Pohlig RT, Sions JM, Hicks GE. Hip osteoarthritis signs and symptoms are associated with increased fall risk among community-dwelling older adults with chronic low back pain: a prospective study. Arthritis research & therapy. 2021;23(1):1-7.

Maruya K, Fujita H, Arai T, Asahi R, Morita Y, Ishibashi H. Sarcopenia and lower limb pain are additively related to motor function and a history of falls and fracture in community-dwelling elderly people. Osteoporosis and sarcopenia. 2019;5(1):23-6.

Nishizawa K, Harato K, Hakukawa S, Okawara H, Sawada T, Ishida H, et al. Turning and sitting movements during timed up and go tests predict deterioration of physical function in middle-aged adults. Gait & Posture. 2024;108:329-34.

Pereira FdA, Lourenço MdA, Assis MRd. Evaluation of peripheral neuropathy in lower limbs of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and its relation to fall risk. Advances in Rheumatology. 2022;62:9.

Wiegmann S, Armbrecht G, Borucki D, Buehring B, Buttgereit F, Detzer C, et al. Balance and prospective falls in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. BMC musculoskeletal disorders. 2022;23(1):549.

Yip W, Ge L, Heng BH, Tan WS. Association between patient-reported functional measures and incident falls. Scientific reports. 2021;11(1):5201.

van Schoor NM, Dennison E, Castell MV, Cooper C, Edwards M, Maggi S, et al., editors. Clinical osteoarthritis of the hip and knee and fall risk: The role of low physical functioning and pain medication. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism; 2020: Elsevier.

Wiegmann S, Armbrecht G, Borucki D, Buehring B, Buttgereit F, Detzer C, et al. Association between sarcopenia, physical performance and falls in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a 1-year prospective study. BMC musculoskeletal disorders. 2021;22:1-15.

Kim WB, Kim BR, Kim SR, Han EY, Nam KW, Lee SY, et al. Comorbidities in patients with end-stage knee OA: prevalence and effect on physical function. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 2019;100(11):2063-70.

Rodriguez MA, Chou L-N, Sodhi JK, Markides KS, Ottenbacher KJ, Snih SA. Arthritis, physical function, and disability among older Mexican Americans over 23 years of follow-up. Ethnicity & Health. 2022;27(8):1915-31.

Most read articles by the same author(s)