Green Approach to Novel Flavonoid Extraction: Purification Methods and Therapeutic Benefits for Optimizing Health and Wellness Initiatives.
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Abstract
Background: Flavonoids are recognized for their extensive health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective effects. Traditional methods for flavonoid extraction, often dependent on toxic solvents and high energy inputs, have prompted the exploration of more sustainable and efficient extraction techniques. This movement aligns with the global shift towards greener methodologies that promise to enhance the purity and yield of these vital phytochemicals for therapeutic purposes.
Objective: In this hypothesis-driven study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of advanced green extraction technologies—microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE)—for isolating flavonoids from botanical sources. A secondary objective was to assess the antioxidant capabilities of the extracted flavonoids, thereby linking the efficiency of the extraction process with the bioactivity of the compounds.
Methods: The study utilized MAE, SFE, and UAE to extract flavonoids from a predetermined plant source, optimizing the parameters of each method to maximize flavonoid yield and antioxidant activity. The yield was quantitatively measured in mg of flavonoids per gram of dry plant material, while the antioxidant capacity was evaluated using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, focusing on the percentage of DPPH radical scavenging activity.
Results: Our findings indicated that MAE was the most efficient method, producing a flavonoid yield of 120 mg/g and an antioxidant capacity of 85% DPPH radical scavenging activity. SFE and UAE followed, with yields of 100 mg/g and 90 mg/g, and antioxidant capacities of 80% and 75% DPPH scavenging activity, respectively. These results not only supported our hypothesis that advanced green extraction techniques could outperform traditional methods in extracting flavonoids but also highlighted MAE as the superior technique in terms of both yield and antioxidant efficacy.
Conclusion: This hypothesis-driven study validates the potential of advanced green extraction technologies, particularly microwave-assisted extraction, as effective and sustainable alternatives to conventional flavonoid extraction methods. By optimizing the yield and bioactivity of flavonoid extracts, these technologies pave the way for significant advancements in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries, fostering a deeper understanding and utilization of flavonoids for health and wellness.
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