Correlation of Total Cholesterol, LDL-C & HDL-C With Coronary Heart Disease Among Different Ethnic Groups in Northern Pakistan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v3i2.117Keywords:
Coronary Heart Disease, Lipid Profiles, Ethnic Groups, Cholesterol, LDL and HDL Correlation, Abdominal Surgeries, Pakistani Ethnic Health StudyAbstract
Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults, causing angina, MI, and sudden death. Total cholesterol and LDL-C are biochemical markers that increase CHD risk, while HDL-C reduces it. About 7.5 million deaths occur globally. The study aims to establish the association between test parameters like Total Cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) among different ethnic groups of Pakistani population. High cholesterol, low LDL, and low HDL levels can cause serious cardiac complications.
Objective: The objective is to find out a correlation between increase in blood levels of Total Cholesterol, LDL-C & HDL-C levels with increased risk of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) in the patients from various ethnic groups of Northern Pakistan.
Methodology: A prospective study was conducted at RIC Rawalpindi's Department of Pathology, collecting blood samples from 200 patients with heart-related complaints diagnosed as having coronary heart disease (CHD). The study examined serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol using biochemical kits. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 23 and collected from both diseased cases and healthy controls.
Results: The study reveals significant variations in lipid profiles in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) compared to the control group. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were higher in CHD patients, while high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were lower. Out of 200 subjects, 100 were confirmed with CHD and 100 were a control group. Age-related changes were observed in males (82%), females (77%), and males (23%).
Conclusions: This study confirms a strong positive relationship between cholesterol and LDL levels and heart disease, with a higher prevalence in patients over 45 years old, indicating that lipid profile increases with age, making individuals more susceptible to cardiac diseases.
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