Improved Topical Delivery of Sorafenib-Meglumine Antimoniate: Elastic Nano-Liposomal Formulation for the Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Sorafenib-Meglumine Antimoniate Nano-Liposomal Formulation for CL
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Abstract
Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a widespread parasitic disease with significant health and social impacts. Current systemic treatments have severe side effects, highlighting the need for effective topical alternatives.
Objective: This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of sorafenib (SF) and meglumine antimoniate (MM) dual-loaded transferosomes (TRs) for topical treatment of CL.
Methods: TRs were prepared using a thin film hydration method and incorporated into a carbopol gel. The formulations were characterized for vesicle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and deformability index. In vivo and ex vivo skin permeation studies were conducted, along with anti-leishmanial efficacy testing on an intramacrophage amastigote model using BALB/c mice.
Results: The TRs exhibited a vesicle size of 186.1 ± 65.89 nm, zeta potential of -27.9 mV, and entrapment efficiency of 71.7 ± 3.9% for MM and 78.6 ± 4.2% for SF. Ex vivo studies showed enhanced skin permeation with cumulative permeation of 327.6 ± 29.4 µg/cm² for MM and 291.6 ± 28.3 µg/cm² for SF. In vivo results indicated a significant reduction in lesion size (0.1 ± 0.12 mm) and parasite load (2.7 ± 0.3 log scale).
Conclusion: The MM-SF dual-loaded TRs demonstrated effective topical delivery and therapeutic potential for CL, providing a promising alternative to systemic treatments.
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References
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