Oral Hygiene Habits and Dental Caries Status in Thalassaemic Patients of Larkana: A Cross Sectional Study
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Thalassemia, a prevalent blood disorder in Larkana, poses significant challenges to oral health. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the dental caries status and oral hygiene habits in thalassemia patients, addressing a crucial aspect of their overall health management.
Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the status of dental caries and oral hygiene habits among thalassemia patients in Larkana.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Fatmid Foundation Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Thalassaemia Centre, Larkana, from October 2020 to May 2022. Oral examinations were performed using a mouth mirror and a blunt ball-ended probe with a 0.5 mm end diameter. Dental caries were diagnosed following World Health Organization criteria, and Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S) was employed for oral hygiene assessment. Data collection included demographic details and oral hygiene practices, analyzed using SPSS Version 24.
Results: The study comprised 52% male and 48% female participants, with a mean age of 11.61±4.561 years. Dental caries were observed in 73% of the patients. The Oral Hygiene Index score (p = .112) and DMFT Score (p = .837) revealed no significant gender differences.
Conclusion: The study concludes that thalassemia patients in Larkana exhibit poor oral hygiene, with a high prevalence of dental caries. These findings underscore the need for targeted oral hygiene education and caries prevention strategies in this patient population.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Bernaudin F, Verlhac S, Chevret S, Torres M, Coic L, Arnaud C, Kamdem A, Hau I, Grazia Neonato M, Delacourt C. G6PD deficiency, absence of α-thalassemia, and the hemolytic rate at baseline are significant independent risk factors for abnormally high cerebral velocities in patients with sickle cell anemia. Blood, The Journal of the American Society of Hematology. 2008;112(10):4314-7.
Nabi AT, Muttu J, Chhaparwal A, Mukhopadhyay A, Pattnaik SJ, Choudhary P. Implications of β-thalassemia on oral health status in patients: A cross-sectional study. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2022;11(3):1174.
Greene JC, Vermillion JR. The oral hygiene index: a method for classifying oral hygiene status. J Am Dent Assoc. 1960;61(2):172-9.
Adeyemo TA, Adediran A, Akanmu AS, Adeyemo WL, Akinbami AJA. Orofacial manifestations of hematological disorders: Anemia and hemostatic disorders. Indian J Dent Res. 2011;22:454-61.
Phrai-In N, Noikeaw J, Sukprasert N, Taya T, Samnieng P. Oral health status and impact on oral health-related quality of life in children with thalassemia major. UI Proc Health Med. 2017;1:144-6.
Akcalı A, Yıldız MS, Akcalı Z, Huck O, Friedmann A. Periodontal condition of patients with Thalassemia Major: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Oral Biol. 2019;102:113-21.
Guzeldemir E, Toygar HU, Tasdelen B, Torun D. Oral health–related quality of life and periodontal health status in patients undergoing hemodialysis. J Am Dent Assoc. 2009;140:1283-93.
Al-Wahadni AM, Taani DQ, Al-Omari MO. Dental diseases in subjects with β-thalassemia major. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2002;30:418-22.
Hattab F. Thalassemia major and related maxillofacial complications: clinical and radiographic overview with reference to dental care. Int J Exp Dent Sci. 2017;6:1-10.
Helmi N, Bashir M, Shireen A, Mirza Ahmed I. Thalassemia review: features, dental considerations, and management. Electron Physician. 2017;9(3):4003-8.
Helmi N, Bashir M, Shireen A, Mirza Ahmed I. Thalassemia review: features, dental considerations, and management. Electron Physician. 2017;9(3):4003-8.
Anwaar A, Chohan AN, Sadiq MS, Ahmed F, Rana AI, Mirza BA. Epidemiologic survey of dental caries prevalence and oral hygiene status in 3-20-year-old young thalassemia major children of Lahore, Pakistan. Pak J Med Health Sci. 2021;15(7):2056-8.
World Health Organization (WHO). Oral health surveys basic methods. Geneva: WHO; 1997.
Newman MG, Takei HH, Klokkevold PR, Carranza FA. Carranza's Clinical Periodontology. 11th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders; 2012.
Al Wahadni AM, Taani DQ, Al Omari MO. Dental diseases in subjects with beta thalassemia major. Commun Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2002;30(6):418-22.
Singh J, Singh N, Kumar AA, et al. Dental and periodontal health status of beta thalassemia major and sickle cell anemic patients: A comparative study. J Int Oral Health. 2013;5(5):53-8.
Kaur N, Hiremath SS. Dental caries and gingival status of 3-14 year old beta thalassemia major patients attending paediatric OPD of Vanivilas hospital, Bangalore. Arch Oral Sci Res. 2012;2:67-70.
Luglie PF, Campus G, Deiola C, et al. Oral condition, chemistry of saliva, and salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans in thalassemic patients. Clin Oral Investig. 2002;26(4):223-6.
Ebeid FSE, Nisreen IH Khan. The adverse impact of thalassemia major on adolescents’ oral health-related quality of life. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2020;42:e345-51.
Nabi AT, Muttu J, Chhaparwal A, Mukhopadhyay A, Pattnaik SJ, Choudhary P. Implications of β-thalassemia on oral health status in patients: A cross-sectional study. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2022;11:1174-8.
Luglie PF, Campus G, Deiola C, Mela MG, Gallisai D. Oral condition, chemistry of saliva, and salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans in thalassemic patients. Clin Oral Investig. 2002;6:223-6.
Hattab FN. Mesiodistal crown diameters and tooth size discrepancy of permanent dentition in thalassemic patients. J Clin Exp Dent. 2013;5:239-44.
Helmi N, Bashir M, Shireen A, Ahmed IM. Thalassemia review: features, dental considerations, and management. Electron Physician. 2017;9:4003-8.
Leonardi R, Verzì P, Caltabiano M. Epidemiological survey of the prevalence of dental caries in young thalassemia major patients. Stomatol Mediter. 1990;10(2):133-6.
Ali RR, Al-Naimi RJ. Dental caries experience of Thalassemia versus healthy individuals in Mosul City. Int J Enhanced Res Med Dent Care. 2019;6(1):24-9.
Svanholt M, Kjear I. Developmental stages of permanent canines, premolars, and 2nd molars in 244 Danish children. Acta Odontol Scand. 2008;66(6):342–50.