The Assessment of Knowledge Regarding Hypertension and Treatment Adherence

Main Article Content

Aroma Daniel
Humaira Saddique
Syeda Sidra Tasneem

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a leading global health challenge due to its substantial role in increasing the risk of cardiovascular and renal diseases. Despite its prevalence, there remains a significant gap in the general population's knowledge about hypertension management and the adherence to treatment protocols.


Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge regarding hypertension and the adherence to treatment among patients diagnosed with the condition in a tertiary care setting in Lahore, Pakistan.


Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. The study utilized convenient sampling to recruit 135 patients diagnosed with hypertension. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from Morisky et al. (2008), which included sections on demographic data, knowledge about hypertension, and treatment adherence. The reliability of the scales was confirmed with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.997 for the knowledge scale and 0.983 for the adherence scale. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and frequency distributions in SPSS version 25.


Results: The majority of participants were aged between 31-40 years (75.8%), with a balanced gender distribution (53.3% male, 46.7% female). Educational levels varied, with the majority holding matric qualifications (46.7%). Knowledge about hypertension was moderate, with 45.9% correctly identifying the implications of high diastolic or systolic blood pressure. However, substantial misconceptions persisted regarding the necessity of lifestyle changes alongside medication. Treatment adherence was moderately low, with 45.9% of participants frequently forgetting to take their medication, and a significant portion deliberately skipping doses.


Conclusion: The study highlighted a moderate understanding of hypertension and a corresponding moderate to low adherence to treatment protocols among patients. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted educational interventions to enhance knowledge and improve adherence, ultimately aiming to reduce the burden of hypertension-related complications.

Article Details

How to Cite
Daniel, A., Saddique, H., & Tasneem, S. S. (2024). The Assessment of Knowledge Regarding Hypertension and Treatment Adherence . Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research, 4(2), 353–358. https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i2.824
Section
Articles
Author Biographies

Aroma Daniel, The Superior University Lahore Pakistan.

BSN (Generic) Student Researcher, Department of Nursing, The Superior University Lahore, Pakistan.

Humaira Saddique, The Superior University Lahore Pakistan.

Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, The Superior University Lahore, Pakistan.

Syeda Sidra Tasneem, The Superior University Lahore Pakistan.

Director Nursing, Department of Nursing, The Superior University Lahore, Pakistan.

References

Schutte AE, Srinivasapura Venkateshmurthy N, Mohan S, Prabhakaran DJCr. Hypertension in low-and middle-income countries. 2021;128(7):808-26.

Citoni B, Figliuzzi I, Presta V, Cesario V, Miceli F, Bianchi F, et al. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of isolated systolic hypertension in young: analysis of 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring database. 2022;36(1):40-50.

Sanders D. The struggle for health: medicine and the politics of underdevelopment: Oxford University Press; 2023.

Abdulkadri A, Floyd S, Mkrtchyan I, Marajh G, Gonzales C, Cunningham-Myrie C. Addressing the adverse impacts of non-communicable diseases on the sustainable development of Caribbean countries. 2021.

Hossain MB, Parvez M, Islam MR, Evans H, Mistry SKJJoBS. Assessment of non-communicable disease related lifestyle risk factors among adult population in Bangladesh. 2022;54(4):651-71.

Ogbonna JDN, Aguiyi-Ikeanyi CN, Isah A, Okonkwo-Uzor NJ, Okeke GN, Beatrice-zita OM, et al. Assessment of Prevalence of Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases in a Rural Community and its neighborhood in Enugu State, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Epidemiological Survey from a Health Outreach. 2023;7(1):52-9.

Muli S, Meisinger C, Heier M, Thorand B, Peters A, Amann UJBPH. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in older people: results from the population-based KORA-age 1 study. 2020;20:1-10.

Parati G, Lombardi C, Pengo M, Bilo G, Ochoa JEJIJoC. Current challenges for hypertension management: From better hypertension diagnosis to improved patients' adherence and blood pressure control. 2021;331:262-9.

Hamrahian SM, Maarouf OH, Fülöp TJPp, adherence. A critical review of medication adherence in hypertension: Barriers and Facilitators Clinicians should consider. 2022:2749-57.

Paczkowska A, Hoffmann K, Kus K, Kopciuch D, Zaprutko T, Ratajczak P, et al. Impact of patient knowledge on hypertension treatment adherence and efficacy: A single-centre study in Poland. 2021;18(3):852.

Nyaaba G, Masana L, Aikins Ad-G, Beune E, Agyemang CJPH. Factors hindering hypertension control: perspectives of front-line health professionals in rural Ghana. 2020;181:16-23.

Nugroho P, Andrew H, Kohar K, Noor CA, Sutranto ALJAoM. Comparison between the world health organization (WHO) and international society of hypertension (ISH) guidelines for hypertension. 2022;54(1):837-45.

Wei X, Khan N, Durrani H, Muzaffar N, Haldane V, Walley JD, et al. Protocol for a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of digital health interventions in improving non-communicable disease management during the pandemic in rural Pakistan. 2023;18(10):e0282543.

Kvarnström K, Westerholm A, Airaksinen M, Liira HJP. Factors contributing to medication adherence in patients with a chronic condition: a scoping review of qualitative research. 2021;13(7):1100.

Tan CSJMJoP. The need of patient education to improve medication adherence among hypertensive patients. 2020;6(1):1-5.

Marseille BR, Commodore‐Mensah Y, Davidson PM, Baker D, D'Aoust R, Baptiste DLJJocn. Improving hypertension knowledge, medication adherence, and blood pressure control: a feasibility study. 2021;30(19-20):2960-7.

Jankowska-Polańska B, Uchmanowicz I, Dudek K, Mazur GJPp, adherence. Relationship between patients’ knowledge and medication adherence among patients with hypertension. 2016:2437-47.

Pristianty L, Hingis ES, Priyandani Y, Rahem A. Relationship between knowledge and adherence to hypertension treatment. Journal of Public Health in Africa. 2023 Mar 3;14

Firdausia S, Hadiwiardjo YH, Wahyuningsih S. Relationship Between Knowledge, Attitude, Family Support, and Adherence to Taking Medication In Patients With Hypertension. InThe International Conference on Public Health Proceeding 2023 Sep 6 (Vol. 7, No. 01, pp. 318-330).

Ristiani K, Zega N, Sunusi F, Pakpahan M. Factors affecting hypertension treatment compliance in Cirebon. Enfermeria Clinica. 2023 Mar 1;33:S7-11.

Most read articles by the same author(s)